Peregrine Medal

James Hartness

Biographical
Hartness was born in Schenectady, New York, one of three children. His family moved to Cleveland, Ohio in 1863, where his father was a foreman in the shops and local computer Hartness attended public school. Hartness worked in the ranks in machine shops in Connecticut before moving Springfield, Vermont, where he had a distinguished career as an innovator of machine tools. It became one of the airmen of the First Nation and became governor of a session of Vermont. He had two daughters, Anna and Helen. His daughter, Helen (Helen Hartness Flanders) was a folk song collector noted that married Ralph Flanders, a U.S. senator from Vermont Hartness died in Springfield 1934. He is buried in Summer Hill Cemetery in Springfield, not far from his home. The Hartness mansion is now (since 2007), "Hartness House, a hotel bed and breakfast and restaurant.
Engineering Innovation and Entrepreneurship
In 16 years, Hartness began his career in garages. At 21 he became foreman of the company and Norway Bolt Winsted Winsted, Connecticut. He moved in 1886 in Torrington, Conn., to work as a toolmaker and the foreman of the Union Association of hardware. His career began more than 100 patents by patent locks, roller skates, and mechanisms the bicycle pedal.
Hartness had an unpleasant experience in the hardware of the Union was understandably naive about the organization rights of its patents, and employers have chosen not to help correct this oversight. He can not participate in the benefits of patents. In September 1888, after losing his job a few weeks of illness, hardware Union told him not to return.
During the winter of 1888-1889, he worked briefly to several companies: Pratt & Whitney in Hartford, Connecticut, Eaton, Cole Burnham Company in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and a plant in Scottdale, Pennsylvania. Roe (1937) assumes that at some point in 1888 or shortly before, the idea of ​​flat turret lathe had developed in his mind, and their wanderings in the winter of 1888-1889 have been looking for a suitable company to build.
Hartness 3×36 flat turret lathe head cross slide equipped to work in a bar.
In April 1889, he moved to Springfield, Vermont to become the director Society fight against Jones and Lamson Machine (J & L). He used his creative energy to revitalize the company. He found his chance for the manufacture of flat turret lathe, which increase efficiency and productivity and was particularly well suited to industry Auto booming. Flat turns turret lathe improved over the previous stiffness turret, allowing for greater accuracy, speed and feeds, and other reductions. Hartness also developed a very advanced set of tools to complete winch, including better food and bar designs roller die head. All these advantages allow for better parts to be produced faster and less expensive, which makes the turn very practical for manufacturers. On this occasion, Hartness was ready to defend their interests in their patent. He arranged with J & L to receive a fee of $ 100 on each machine.
Hartness changed the business model of J & L to a wide variety of machines that specializes in the manufacture and improvement of a product. With the rapid acceptance of this machine tool orders rose to 10 units per day from manufacturing. As a result, Hartness reports received up to $ 1,000 per day in royalties. He also presented brochures attractive and informative on the market the new products Lamson Jones. Hartness has taken a great interest for J & L. He became director in 1896 and chairman in 1901 until his retirement in 1933.
"You listen to this young man again, and this" Lazy Susan "him."
Ambrose Swasey, James Hartness, Hartness had bought after unsuccessfully his obsession on the turret with several manufacturers of machine tools, including Warner and Swasey. Swasey was the only one who had predicted the success of the idea.
James Hartness with his most successful invention, the flat turret tower, ca. 1920. Jones & Lamson photo advertising.
In 1915, he resigned himself Hartness ar business to attend to his brother John motives of the London office of J & L. Hartness During the First World War as representative of the American Society Mechanical Engineers (ASME), became president of the National Council over the Commission, whose mission was to create international standards for measuring and size of nets.
Workieces bar made by a firearm in a long bar stock
Hartness discouraged modernization Hartness House turret lathe. However, it remains a very successful product Hartness after retirement, when a new model around J & L turret by John Bonito eventually replaced.
Hartness interest in measurement and standardization has led to the invention of an optical device that allows profile of small parts to be enlightened and in relation to its desired contour. Traditionally, the system uses a gauge to assess if the screws to specifications. Hartness has used his knowledge of optics and expansion of the development of a more practical for optical measurement. Hartness screw gauge was his greatest achievement performance of J & L. Today, optical comparators are a common form equipment in many garages.
Mentor of the machine tool company
Hartness encouraged inventors of talent at your service in J & The strike on their own contractors. There are three companies in Springfield and one in Windsor, Vermont Society:
Edwin R. Fellows, founder of the Society Fellows Gear Shaper
William L. Bryant, founder of the Company Chuck Bryant Grinder
Fred P. Lovejoy, founder of the Company Lovejoy Tool
George O. Gridley, founder of the National Society Acme
The companies started by these men contributed thank you to Springfield and Windsor, a prosperous manufacturing business, not their access to raw materials or markets, but because a group of engineers talent and mechanics.
Promote a more intelligent with a better relationship with workers
His step-son, Ralph Flanders, "said Hartness considered ome of the factors that will make workers happy and productive in his book The Human Factor in the management of work. Your manual Hartness turret lathe begins with the declaration:
Since the machine is just a request can not be considered a totally independent property rights. In fact, the man is greatest. personal well-being of the operator should be considered. It's more that the relationship between man and machine. It includes Phaseis also an important link with other people and their general environment.
In a sense Hartness responded to the enthusiastic fervor of the era scientific management, which Hartness and many feel they do not adequately reflect the psychology of how to manage employees as beings Human and maintain compliance.
Affiliations, titles and medals
Hartness was an active member of the following engineering, scientific, artistic and associations:
American Society of Mechanical Engineers, who elected president (1914-1915) http://www.asme.org/Communities/History/ASMEHistory/Presidents.cfm.
Society of Automotive Engineers
British Institute of Mechanical Engineers
American Association for the Advancement of Science (Member)
British Royal Aeronautical Society (Member)
Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts
Aero Club of America
Aero Club of Vermont
His achievements Life has been an honorary doctorate from the University of Vermont (MA in 1910 and LLD in 1921) and Yale University (MA). The Franklin Institute received Hartness Edward Longstreth Medal in 1921 in recognition of his contributions to mechanical engineering. In the same year as the American Philosophical Society has awarded the John Scott Medal Hartness flat turret lathe for, citing its usefulness in the manufacture of artillery.
Aviation
James Hartness with Charles Lindbergh in Springfield, Vermont's airport in July 1927. Image courtesy of Springfield Art & Historical Society.
Hartness was first been conducted in Germany in 1913 in an airship filled with hydrogen, designed by Ferdinand von Zeppelin. In 1914, Hartness learned to fly at 35 hp (26 kW) Wright Flyer near Garden City, New York. He obtained his pilot's license Aero Club of America. Encouraged, and served as president of the Aero Club Vermont. He donated land for the airport in Springfield in the state, establishing the first airstrip in Vermont now known as "Hartness State Airport."
After his transatlantic flight, Charles Lindbergh became the United States in the Spirit of St. Louis promote aviation. Springfield landed July 26, 1927 on the occasion of his visit to Vermont and spoke to a rally at the airport. Hartness Lindbergh stayed at home.
Crowd attending the celebration of the arrival of Charles Lindbergh in Springfield, Vermont in the airport July 1927. Photo courtesy Springfield Art & Historical Society.
Astronomy
Hartness Equatorial Turret Telescope-Plane in Hartness Mansion in Springfield, Vermont, ca. 1912.
Hartness interest in optics and astronomy has led to the development of a telescope mounted on the rotating dome on an equatorial plane. An additional feature of the telescope, which is still in the Hartness old mansion, is that the optical the telescope passes through a lens in the wall of the dome. This allowed the observers to keep warm in winter. (Telescopes classics are often within domes, which opened an opening for the telescope gain exposure to both the sky and air.) The success of this patent has led activities telescope and commissions. With the support and financial support Hartness Russell W. Porter began the Springfield Telescope Manufacturers Club. The club holds its annual meeting in Springfield Stellafane.
Governor of Vermont
Hartness was a governor of Vermont from a period from 1921 to 1923. He campaigned on the theme of appealing to stay in the state rather than seek employment elsewhere Vermont. He also promised improved transportation and manufacturing to complete system the traditional agrarian economy. He won the election by a wider margin in the state of Warren Harding, who led Vermont in the presidential race this year.
References
^ Abcde "Springfield mourning as Last Rites are conducted by James Hartness inventor scientist and former governor, "Springfield (Vermont) Reporter, February 9, 1934
Abcd ^ Roe 1937, pp 10-11.
Abc ^ Hartness, James (1910). Hartness Manual turret lathe. Springfield, Vermont: Jones and Lamson Machine Company.
ABCDE ^ Flanders, Ralph (1961). The senator from Vermont. Boston: Little, Brown.
^ Roe 1937, pp 34-36.
^ Abcde Wicks, Frank (November 1999). "Renaissance Man tool." The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. http://www.memagazine.org/backissues/membersonly/nov99/features/tool/tool.html.
^ "Awards won by philosophers, Governor Hartness John Scott medal for use in artillery rounds, one for the lady. Curie, Stewart Paton, in handling, radicalism is called Bolshevism and the result of cowardice. "New York Times, June 23, 1921, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=980CE2D7113FE432A25757C2A9629C946095D6CF
^ Roe 1937, pp 89-90.
^ A brief history of Stellafane version online: September 2, 2007.
Bibliography
Books Hartness
Hartness, James (1909). Construction Machinery profit and turn Hartness flat turret. Jones Lamson & Machine Company.
Hartness, James (1912). Factor management works of man. New York and London: McGraw-Hill. p. 159 pages. http://books.google.com/books?id=QB41AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=James+Hartness+Human+Factor+in+Works+Management. Reprinted by Hive Publishing Co (history management issues of the hive, no. 46) (ISBN 978-0879600471).
Hartness, James (1910). Manuel Hartness flat turret lathe: A handbook for practitioners. Springfield, Vermont and London: Jones & Company Lamson Machine. p. 191 pages. http://books.google.com/books?id=LLY5AAAAMAAJ&dq=james+hartness+flat+turret+lathe+manual&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=iXRKj29_MO&sig=yI5woROSmYOHIBHxIqT-dmkmenA/.
Hartness, James (1920). Message Hartness screw gauge. Lamson Machine Jones & Company. p. 46 pages.
Hartness, James (1921). Industrial Progress and the economy rights. Industry Commissioner. Reprinted by Kessinger Publishing, 2004, ISBN 978-1-4191-2645-1.
Biography
Roe, Joseph Wickham (1937), James Hartness, a representative of the machine age at its best, New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, LCCN 37-016470, OCLC 3456642
Read Following
Governor Hartness Club (1920). progress of the campaign for the people of Vermont: A unit for the creation and cultivation of industrial crops. Hartness for Club governor. p. 48 pages.
Wicks, Frank (November 1999). "Renaissance Man tool." The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. http://www.memagazine.org/backissues/membersonly/nov99/features/tool/tool.html. Retrieved 10.10.2007.
"Houseistory Hartness and the Observatory." http://www.hartnesshouse.com/hartness-history.shtml. Accessed 10/10/2007.
Roe, Joseph Wickham (1916), English and American manufacturers of tools, New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, LCCN 16-011753, http://books.google.com/books?id=X-EJAAAAIAAJ&printsec = Titlepage. Reprinted by McGraw-Hill, New York and London, 1926 (LCCN 27-024075) and Lindsay Publications, Inc., Bradley, Illinois, USA (ISBN 978-0-917914-73-7). pp 197-200.
External Links
James Hartness inventory records, Special Collections Library at the University of Vermont
EV
Governors of Vermont
Chittenden Robinson Chittenden Chittenden Brigham Tichenor I. Tichenor Galusha M. Chittenden Galusha Smith Skinner Van Ness Butler Crafts Palmer Jennison Paine Mattocks Slade Eaton Coolidge Williams E. Fletcher Hall E. Fairbanks Fairbanks Robinson Royce Holbrook GP Smith Dillingham Page Washburn Hendee Stewart Converse Peck RH Proctor Fairbanks Farnham Barstow Pingree Ormsbee Dillingham WP Fuller Woodbury Grout Page E. Smith Stickney McCullough Bell F. Proctor Prouty Mead Fletcher Gates Graham Clement Hartness R. Proctor Jr. Billings Weeks Wilson C. Will smith Aiken Gibson Arthur Emerson Johnson Stafford Proctor Keyser Hoff Davis Salmon Snelling Kunin Snelling Dean Douglas
Italics indicate acting governor
Categories: 1861 births | 1934 deaths | American aviators | | American astronomers U.S. inventors | Fellows of the Royal Aeronautical Society | Governors of Vermont | Machine Tools Manufacturers | Presidents of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers | Springfield, Vermont About the Author

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